{"id":9077,"date":"2023-07-19T04:35:13","date_gmt":"2023-07-19T04:35:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vospan.com\/?p=9077"},"modified":"2024-03-20T08:20:01","modified_gmt":"2024-03-20T08:20:01","slug":"gioi-thieu-ve-sieu-ly-tam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vospan.com\/gioi-thieu-ve-sieu-ly-tam\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00f2ng m\u00e1y si\u00eau ly t\u00e2m m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd cho kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_68_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<label class=\"ez-toc-title ez-toc-toggle\" style=\"cursor: pointer\">T&oacute;m t\u1eaft n\u1ed9i dung<\/label>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #0a0a0a;color:#0a0a0a\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #0a0a0a;color:#0a0a0a\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/vospan.com\/gioi-thieu-ve-sieu-ly-tam\/#Vat_ly_dang_sau_cong_nghe_sieu_ly_tam\" title=\"V\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb1ng sau c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 si\u00eau ly t\u00e2m\">V\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb1ng sau c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 si\u00eau ly t\u00e2m<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/vospan.com\/gioi-thieu-ve-sieu-ly-tam\/#Ky_thuat_ly_tam\" title=\"K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ly t\u00e2m\">K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ly t\u00e2m<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/vospan.com\/gioi-thieu-ve-sieu-ly-tam\/#Ep_vien_va_ly_tam_vi_sai\" title=\"\u00c9p vi\u00ean v\u00e0 ly t\u00e2m vi sai\">\u00c9p vi\u00ean v\u00e0 ly t\u00e2m vi sai<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/vospan.com\/gioi-thieu-ve-sieu-ly-tam\/#Ty_le_ly_tam_khu_vuc\" title=\"T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ly t\u00e2m khu v\u1ef1c\">T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ly t\u00e2m khu v\u1ef1c<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/vospan.com\/gioi-thieu-ve-sieu-ly-tam\/#Ly_tam_Isopycnic\" title=\"Ly t\u00e2m Isopycnic\">Ly t\u00e2m Isopycnic<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/vospan.com\/gioi-thieu-ve-sieu-ly-tam\/#Qua_trinh_hinh_thanh_may_ly_tam_cua_Beckman_Coulter\" title=\"Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u00e1y ly t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Beckman Coulter\">Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u00e1y ly t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Beckman Coulter<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/media.beckman.com\/-\/media\/centrifugation\/products\/instruments\/ultracentrifuge\/optima-max-xp\/ultracentrifue-optima-max-xp-rotor-load-2017-04.jpg?h=186&amp;w=200&amp;hash=C742E4DDE84063B43FEC0A4621B938EF\" alt=\"N\u1ea1p r\u00f4-to v\u00e0o m\u00e1y si\u00eau ly t\u00e2m Optima MAX-XP\" width=\"200\" height=\"186\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Si\u00eau ly t\u00e2m quay m\u1eabu \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch l\u1ef1c g cao. <a href=\"https:\/\/vospan.com\/product-category\/cong-nghe-sinh-hoc\/may-ly-tam\/may-sieu-ly-tam\/\">M\u00e1y si\u00eau ly t\u00e2m<\/a>\u00a0quay c\u00e1c m\u1eabu t\u1eeb 100.000 x\u00a0<em>g<\/em>\u00a0\u0111\u1ebfn 1.000.000 x\u00a0<em>g<\/em>\u00a0\u00a0v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 tinh ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c polyme c\u00f3 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed th\u1ea5p cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 b\u00e0o quan protein \u0111a megaDalton.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vat_ly_dang_sau_cong_nghe_sieu_ly_tam\"><\/span><strong>V\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb1ng sau c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 si\u00eau ly t\u00e2m<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>L\u1ef1c ly t\u00e2m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ly t\u00e2m. C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t t\u00e1ch ra nhanh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 quay c\u1ee7a <a href=\"https:\/\/vospan.com\/product-category\/cong-nghe-sinh-hoc\/may-ly-tam\/may-sieu-ly-tam\/\">m\u00e1y ly t\u00e2m<\/a>), t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng), \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ly t\u00e2m, \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ly t\u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n.\u00a0Qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y ly t\u00e2m, nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<figure style=\"width: 265px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/media.beckman.com\/-\/media\/centrifugation\/content\/ultracentrifugation\/centrifuges-density-gradient-ultracentrifugation-figure1-2023-03.jpg?h=215&amp;w=200&amp;hash=C2C006065A4B3E4A8FBAF37BD2E945D2\" alt=\"M\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ly t\u00e2m vi sai c\u1ee7a hai ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 l\u1eafng kh\u00e1c nhau.\" width=\"265\" height=\"285\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ly t\u00e2m vi sai c\u1ee7a hai ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 l\u1eafng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><em>v = t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea1t<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>d = \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh h\u1ea1t h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Pp = M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ea1t<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>Pf = M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u014b = \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>g = t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t<\/em><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ky_thuat_ly_tam\"><\/span><strong>K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ly t\u00e2m<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ep_vien_va_ly_tam_vi_sai\"><\/span><strong>\u00c9p vi\u00ean v\u00e0 ly t\u00e2m vi sai<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u00c9p vi\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ly t\u00e2m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t.\u00a0C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t l\u1eafng ra kh\u1ecfi dung d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 b\u00e1m v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh b\u00ecnh do l\u1ef1c ly t\u00e2m.\u00a0Sau khi g\u1ea1n, ph\u1ea7n n\u1ed5i ph\u00eda tr\u00ean s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra kh\u1ecfi vi\u00ean.\u00a0Ly t\u00e2m vi sai khai th\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.\u00a0B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 t\u00e1ch m\u1eabu trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n ch\u1ea1y ly t\u00e2m, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ly t\u00e2m vi sai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f4 l\u1eadp c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf ra kh\u1ecfi h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n hao h\u1ee5t c\u1ee7a vi\u00ean n\u00e9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng v\u00e0 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n\u2014ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u1edf d\u1ea1ng vi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong ph\u1ea7n n\u1ed5i ph\u00eda tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu t\u00e1ch ra kh\u1ecfi vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n li\u00ean quan.\u00a0<em>\u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ly t\u00e2m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb g<\/em>\u00a0l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3\u00a0, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 phanh c\u00e0ng nhanh c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n<p>Ly t\u00e2m vi sai t\u1ea1o ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady n\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 l\u1eafng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t theo \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 ba.\u00a0M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ly t\u00e2m vi sai l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o h\u1ea1t cho m\u00e0ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t EV c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ty_le_ly_tam_khu_vuc\"><\/span><strong>T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ly t\u00e2m khu v\u1ef1c<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ly t\u00e2m theo v\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a gradient t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng\u2014m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng t\u0103ng theo chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u1ed1ng.\u00a0M\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh l\u1edbp \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ed1ng ph\u00eda tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t gradient \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o s\u1eb5n.<\/p>\n<figure style=\"width: 307px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/media.beckman.com\/-\/media\/centrifugation\/content\/ultracentrifugation\/centrifuges-density-gradient-ultracentrifugation-figure3-2023-03.jpg\" alt=\"Bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng m\u1eabu trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ly t\u00e2m theo v\u00f9ng v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1ch c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng ly t\u00e2m.\" width=\"307\" height=\"249\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ly t\u00e2m v\u00f9ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9, m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o sau khi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c gradient t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng. C\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n ly c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng ly t\u00e2m.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 khi \u00e9p vi\u00ean, c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 l\u1eafng (y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ed5i). Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ly t\u00e2m theo v\u00f9ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ea1y m\u00e1y ly t\u00e2m b\u1ecb d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t k\u1ebft th\u00e0nh h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i trong \u1ed1ng. C\u00e1c d\u1ea3i g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1y \u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng cao h\u01a1n c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i ph\u00eda tr\u00ean ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 di chuy\u1ec3n v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 h\u01a1i kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u1ec3 v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t, (1) t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c (2) s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ed1ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n d\u00e0i h\u01a1n (t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 s\u1eafc k\u00fd lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec7n di tr\u00ean gel); r\u00f4-to v\u0103ng cung c\u1ea5p chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/media.beckman.com\/-\/media\/centrifugation\/content\/ultracentrifugation\/centrifuges-density-gradient-ultracentrifugation-figure4-2023-03.jpg?h=187&amp;w=200&amp;hash=9175A1AC4F3B607C722BC68E2AD47045\" alt=\"S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa d\u1ea3i trong c\u00e1c m\u1eabu kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 l\u1edbn\" width=\"134\" height=\"125\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, c\u00e1c th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m theo v\u00f9ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 t\u00edch nh\u1ecf (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 10-20% so v\u1edbi th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5ng gradient).\u00a0S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eabu nh\u1ecf s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ea1y.\u00a0Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, m\u1eabu c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn th\u00ec s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn.\u00a0L\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eabu l\u1edbn h\u01a1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u00edt ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch d\u1ea3i h\u01a1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c m\u1eabu nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n.\u00a0N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n, c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea3i m\u1eabu l\u1edbn h\u01a1n<\/p>\n<figure><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ly_tam_Isopycnic\"><\/span><strong>Ly t\u00e2m Isopycnic<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u1ede \u0111\u1ea7u kia c\u1ee7a quang ph\u1ed5, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ly t\u00e2m isopycnic ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ec3u ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200b(n\u1ed5i) c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong dung d\u1ecbch. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp l\u00e0 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u bao g\u1ed3m m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng xung quanh m\u00e0 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed5i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng; do \u0111\u00f3, gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh h\u1ea1t n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng gradient kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ed5i c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb3ng m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1t.\u00a0\u0110\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c isopycnic th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn ng\u1eafn trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ly t\u00e2m (gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u th\u1eddi gian c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn d\u00e0i h\u01a1n \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ngh\u1ec9 sau khi \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1ea1i;\u00a0\u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u1edf c\u00e1c r\u00f4-to th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 th\u00eam b\u1edfi c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 khung h\u00ecnh cao (chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i\/chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng).<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch isopycnic, c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u gradient m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>CsCl<\/li>\n<li>Percoll\u00a0<sup>\u00ae<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>iodixanol<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 chung \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra d\u1ea3i m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 gradient t\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh khi c\u00f3 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ly t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c <em>g<\/em>\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a gradient.\u00a0Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u gradient m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0169ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gradient cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n<p>Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ly t\u00e2m, c\u00e1c gradient n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c ly t\u00e2m v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 khu\u1ebfch t\u00e1n.\u00a0Khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh gradient kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00f4 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n trong khi quay v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t trong dung d\u1ecbch di chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m trong gradient ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb3ng nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<figure style=\"width: 303px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/media.beckman.com\/-\/media\/centrifugation\/content\/ultracentrifugation\/centrifuges-density-gradient-ultracentrifugation-figure5-2023-03.jpg?h=218&amp;w=250&amp;hash=D61143C3E8E39A4E0686DB1C3D4BE9FB\" alt=\"M\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda c\u1ee7a d\u1ea3i h\u1ea1t trong m\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng theo m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ly t\u00e2m isopycnic (gradien m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9).\" width=\"303\" height=\"264\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ly t\u00e2m isopycnic v\u1edbi gradient, m\u1ed9t gradient \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t dung d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 d\u1ea3i c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t theo m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div class=\"two-columns-holder__left col-md-9\">\n<div class=\"block\">\n<div class=\"bc-rich-text\">\n<p>S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch ch\u1ec9 x\u1ea3y ra do s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t.\u00a0V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gradient h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh x\u1ea3y ra khi th\u1eddi gian ly t\u00e2m t\u0103ng l\u00ean, th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 sau khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1c gradient \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch isopycnic t\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u00eam m\u1eabu v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t gradient. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1o gradient th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khu\u1ea5y tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi m\u1eabu v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0o \u1ed1ng ly t\u00e2m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eabu l\u1edbn \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t (l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 90% th\u1ec3 t\u00edch \u1ed1ng) v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb gradient \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 so v\u1edbi gradient ph\u00e2n l\u1edbp cho t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 v\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n<p>Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i m\u00e0u n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp l\u1edbp theo c\u00e1ch th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea3i m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m h\u01a1n 75% t\u1ed5ng th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ea1y trong khi v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Qua_trinh_hinh_thanh_may_ly_tam_cua_Beckman_Coulter\"><\/span><strong>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u00e1y ly t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Beckman Coulter<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Beckman Coulter \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u <a href=\"https:\/\/vospan.com\/product-category\/cong-nghe-sinh-hoc\/may-ly-tam\/may-sieu-ly-tam\/\">m\u00e1y si\u00eau ly t\u00e2m<\/a> \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1947. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0y ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u01a1n mang \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ly t\u00e2m v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh t\u1eeb \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn r\u00f4-to \u0111\u1ebfn <a href=\"https:\/\/vospan.com\/product-category\/cong-nghe-sinh-hoc\/may-ly-tam\/may-sieu-ly-tam\/\">m\u00e1y ly t\u00e2m<\/a>, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ly t\u00e2m \u0111a d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 mang \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i \u1edf m\u1ecdi g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/vospan.com\/product-category\/cong-nghe-sinh-hoc\/may-ly-tam\/may-sieu-ly-tam\/\">Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng m\u00e1y si\u00eau ly t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Beckman Coulter<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Ngu\u1ed3n: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.beckman.com\/resources\/technologies\/centrifugation\/ultracentrifugation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.beckman.com\/resources\/technologies\/centrifugation\/ultracentrifugation<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Si\u00eau ly t\u00e2m quay m\u1eabu \u1edf t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch l\u1ef1c g cao. M\u00e1y si\u00eau ly t\u00e2m\u00a0quay c\u00e1c m\u1eabu t\u1eeb 100.000 x\u00a0g\u00a0\u0111\u1ebfn 1.000.000 x\u00a0g\u00a0\u00a0v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 tinh ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c polyme c\u00f3 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed th\u1ea5p cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 b\u00e0o quan protein \u0111a megaDalton. V\u1eadt&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":9006,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[40],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9077","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tin-tuc"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vospan.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9077"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vospan.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vospan.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vospan.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vospan.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9077"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/vospan.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9077\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11892,"href":"https:\/\/vospan.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9077\/revisions\/11892"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vospan.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9006"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vospan.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9077"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vospan.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9077"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vospan.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9077"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}